Under which condition can banks provide services without impairing independence?

The ability of banks to provide services without impairing independence hinges on the concept of maintaining objectivity and integrity in their operations. Providing services to all clients ensures that no specific client receives preferential treatment, which is essential in preserving the independence of the bank's operations.

When services are offered to all clients, it indicates that the bank is not favoring any particular party, thereby reducing the potential for conflicts of interest. This wide accessibility helps maintain transparency and fairness in the bank's dealings, aligning with ethical standards required for independence.

The other conditions listed may not adequately ensure independence. For example, if a service is performed by a third party, the original institution may still be viewed as benefiting from the service, potentially affecting their independence. Offering fully collateralized loans could also raise concerns, as the nature of the collateral may influence the lending decisions and the independence perception. Lastly, simply disclosing a service in financial statements does not eliminate the risk of independence impairment; transparency does not inherently solve potential conflicts of interest.

Thus, offering services to all clients stands out as a key factor that supports the upholding of independence in operations, making it the correct answer.